Wu Guosheng said that Greece’s science is truth -seeking science, and modern science is the science of perseverance.Their differences are first reflected in changes in human and natural status.For the Greeks, it is naturally an internal domain and a place where rationality and truth.People can only understand nature, follow nature, and transform nature.Christianity has transformed rational freedom into freedom of will, and the concept of creation has reduced the status of natural existence; the only name theory has spawned human centerism, strengthened the concept of conquering natural, weakened forms, and highlighted its role; alchemy and magic were as magic.Reform naturally to make a demonstration, and human conquest naturally has become the leading motivation for modern science.
Science is a word that is familiar with and knows women and children today, but its meaning is quite vague.In different contexts, what it refers to is different.Generally speaking, in the daily usage of modern Chinese, it has two basic usage: one refers to a certain social cause, which refers to a crowd and the work they are engaged in.Career is science.China currently implements a national strategy for science and education, and it is also in this sense, which means that it is necessary to rely on scientific and technical experts and the scientific and technological undertakings they are engaged in to revitalize the country.Another usage refers to a certain value judgment.Science often refers to the right, correct, true, reasonable, reasonable, good and advanced.For example, we say that “you are not scientific in this way” means that this is wrong, incorrect, and should not be. We say that the scientific decision -making refers to the reasonable decision -making and cannot be subjectively dry.In short, the first usage answer to the question of “what is science” is that science is what scientists do, and the answer to the second usage is that science is a good thing.
He is convinced by his faith in the modern history of the teacher’s long -term skills.This is also the truth summarized by the Chinese people from the lessons of blood: beating behind.The so -called backwardness is the backwardness of military technology.The admiration for military technology is still dominated by the Chinese people’s dreams and subconscious.The desire for aircraft carriers and spacecraft is almost the consensus of the whole people today.For a year and a half, the Chinese people have been bullied and humiliated, and have greatly respected the modern technology system with extremely backward military science and technology in the West.This is a prominent manifestation of the background that cannot be ignored behind the scientific concept of Chinese people, science and technology in the minds of Chinese people.Ordinary Chinese people use the term science and technology involuntarily, and the technology in their mouth refers to technology.In fact, the government is the same. As far as I understand that the government department does not have the Ministry of Science, only the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Science and Technology is mainly the Ministry of Technology or the Ministry of Technology and Economic.If a cognitive survey is done, we will find that the scientists recognized by contemporary Chinese people should be Qian Xuesen because he represents a strong military ability. People like to spread such a statement. One Qian Xuesen can reach five five of them.Division’s strength.Science is not a term inherent in Chinese. The scientific words that occasionally seen in our literature also refer to imperial examinations, and it is extremely rare.The term scientific widely used in modern Chinese is actually from Japan and translated from the Japanese.
Today, there are two outstanding characteristics of the Chinese scientific concept. The first feature is to use science in the political field or in daily life as a positive criterion in any field. This is the long -term scientific ideology of science.The result of the role; the second feature is to understand science from the perspective of practicality and application, tend to mix science with science and technology, technologies with technology, and lack understanding of science itself.It is related to the cultural tradition of Chinese pragmatism.To truly understand science, we need to enter the western context, because science is originally from the West and is what Westerners hold.
The scientific spirit is a way of thinking that belongs to Greek civilization.It does not consider the practicality and utilitarianity of knowledge, only pays attention to the certainty of nature, and focuses on the autonomous and internal deduction of truth.The scientific spirit originated from the ideal ideal of Greek freedom.The spirit of science is the spirit of reason, the spirit of freedom.Even in the English world, the extensive use of science is about 150 years today. This 150 years is the 150 years that modern science has completed the formulation and has developed independently.The so -called modern science here refers to the modern experimental science and experience science of Greek rationality science. Compared with ancient science in ancient times, modern application science and science and technology are relatively narrow science compared to philosophy.The term science refers to science that is divided into science, professionalization, and experiments with potential technology application prospects.Chinese is derived from the word science in Japanese. It defaults to “natural science” and implies the meaning of division. It seems to have considerable historical legitimacy.However, we only go back to English science here, and then only go back 150 years ago without considering this background of this kind of experience science, experimental science, and technical science relative to rational science, relative to philosophy, and experimental sciences.It produced.In fact, the changes of words are always lagging behind the change of ideas, and the words only fix the concept of previous changes.The science independent from philosophy is bred from the ideological tradition of science and philosophy.
Science and narrow science cannot be equivalent. Although some people think that modern science is the only model of knowledge, the truth of the history of Western thought is that even if modern science can be regarded as a model of modern knowledge, it is definitely not the only in history.Knowledge model, let alone to many philosophers, it is not a model of modern knowledge at all.
The great tradition of western science originated from ancient Greece.The ancient Greeks have established a rational science that pursue a certain symbol in pursuit of certain knowledge and logical interpretation system. In ancient China, it was not because of the differences in intelligence levels and different text forms, but because they had different cultural traditions.The core of cultural tradition is the humanistic concept.Chinese culture is a typical farming culture, and the people are highly bound to the land.Therefore, it is a acquaintance culture, blood relationship, and family culture. The Chinese elite culture represented by Confucianism uses benevolence as the ideal human nature and politeness as a means of humanistic education.Greek culture is the complex of marine culture, nomadic culture, and business culture. Migration is the norm. Therefore, it is a human culture and a contract culture. It takes “freedom” as the ideal human nature and scientific humanistic enlightenment.Science is the humanities of Greece.In Greece, without the pursuit of science, it is not worthy of being called a real person.Greek rational science has formed a great tradition of western science, and its spiritual temperament runs through the development of Western civilization and inherits modern western science.We can refer to the spirit of Greek rational science as the spirit of science.What is the scientific spirit?We can say that the scientific spirit is a special way of thinking that belongs to Greek civilization.It does not consider the practicality and utilitarianity of knowledge, only pays attention to the certainty of the knowledge itself, and the autonomous and self -sufficiency and internal deduction of the truth.The scientific spirit originated from the ideal ideal of Greek freedom.The spirit of science is the spirit of rationality and the spirit of freedom.
China is scientific.In ancient China, there was no science in modern sense, nor science in Greek’s rational sense.Many researchers in the history of Chinese science and technology believe that at least ancient Chinese astronomy belongs to these two senses.The fundamental gene that determines the emergence of modern science is Greece’s rational science.There is no rational science gene in Chinese culture, which is particularly worth exploring.Mr. Feng Youlan uses the Chinese people’s heart, enjoyment, and nature in his article. Westerners seeks foreign objects, forces, and seek people to explain why China has no science.Science is because he does not need it according to his own value standards.In ancient China, there was a scientific dispute, there was a saying that it was easy to say that it was easy.From the perspective of science, because China does not have the big tree of rational science, the academic science is particularly prominent.In ancient China, there was no independent concept of nature. Therefore, there was no independent natural knowledge door.However, the existence of Chinese people is divided into the talents of heaven and earth, and there are extremely developed academics in the three major areas, so in this level, ancient China was scientific.
Text | Yang Xin
Edit | Mai Jinhua
Capture | Wang Pan
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