Thirty -one, the significance of education

The literal interpretation of education is to cultivate it, that is, to cultivate students into talents by imparting knowledge or skills.Education is divided into narrow senses and broad senses.Narrow education refers to learning activities that specialize in a certain period of time and fixed places, which mainly refer to school education.Education in a broad sense refers to social activities that can gain new experience.

Education mainly includes two parts: teaching and learning.For school education, because students in the lower grades (elementary and junior high school) are not yet healthy, they should focus on teaching; after the students’ physical strength and intelligence (high school and university) should be based on learning.

For broad education, because most people are adults, physical strength and intelligence are sound, so learning should be based on learning.Of course, the study here is a broad sense, which refers to all social activities that can gain new experience.In theory, through social activities, we can learn all human knowledge.But in fact, due to the limitation of the life, energy and activities of human beings, through our own personal experience, we can only obtain extremely limited knowledge. At this time, through reading good books or lectures, we can get far exceeding our experience.knowledge.Therefore, learning is necessary for everyone.Because society is constantly developing, life -long learning is necessary.

After knowing the definition of education, I will focus on narrow education, that is, school education.

The purpose of education is to cultivate talents.Because the students receiving education are young, they represent the future of the country. Therefore, the purpose of education is to cultivate future talents, or to cultivate the successor of the country.In this sense, education represents the future of the country.

The role of education is so important. How should you carry out education?my country has a long history of education.”Mencius Teng Wen Gong” said: “Xia Yue School, Yin Yin preface, Zhou Yue itch; the three generations of learning are common, so they all have Ming people.” In the development of education in my country EssenceFrom the Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, etc. of the Spring and Autumn Period to Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty, to the modern Cai Yuanpei, Tao Xingzhi, Xu Teli, etc., they all had their wonderful discussions.Although their discussions are very exciting, their education concepts can no longer meet the requirements of modern education.For example, Han Yu said in the “Teacher’s Story”: “Master, preaching and solving confusion.” There is no problem with preaching teaching; there is a big problem with solution.We know that humans are not omnipotent, so even teachers cannot answer all the students’ questions.Therefore, although Han Yu’s “Teacher said” is very exciting, there are errors in their views.

Therefore, if you want to establish the correct educational concept, modern people need to re -think.If you want to know clearly, you need to start with its origin.From many animals in the animal world, it can be seen that human education was originally a family -style, and parents or family members to educate newborns.With the development of society, this family -style education is no longer in line with the trend of the times due to low efficiency.The main reason is that people cannot guarantee that every family has high -quality personnel to teach children.At this time, the need for centralization of education was generated. This is the school.

The emergence of schools can ensure that people who have relatively high quality teach students to improve the efficiency of education, which is also conducive to students to adapt to collective life.Therefore, the school has become a new way of education.It can be seen that choosing high -quality talents as teachers is the first step in education.

With teachers and students, you need to determine the content of education.Is the content of education determined by education or schools?no.This is determined by the knowledge system and values of society.For example, the feudal dynasty educating students should be loyal to the country, modern China requires students to be socialist successors, and so on.Therefore, the knowledge system and values of society determine the education content of the school.It can be seen that the many problems existing in my country’s education are actually the epitome of social problems.Therefore, determining the content of education is the second step of education and the most critical step.

The third step of education is the correct education method.Regarding this, Confucius had given an excellent reply.Confucius has two most important educational propositions: there is no kind of education and teaching according to the aptitude.Of course, with the development of society, the content of these two claims also requires corresponding expansion.

Education requires teaching and no class.There is no class to teach and no categories.With modern explanations, everyone has the right to receive education.Of course, the prerequisite for “one treaty”.”The Book of Changes. Meng Gua” said: “Bandit, I ask for Tong Meng, Tong Meng asks me.” In other words: For those who are honest, they teach patiently, not forcing others to receive education.This proposition seems to conflict with the provisions of the Compulsory Education Law.But the actual situation is that even if there is the “Compulsory Education Law”, we cannot guarantee that everyone has the heart to study.At this time, it is necessary to punish people and organizations who do not assume educational obligations.Just don’t make too much requirements for students who are not studying.Therefore, the two are actually not conflicting.

In addition to the meaning of teaching and no class, there is a wide range of social significance.Students should not have the restrictions on family components, the restrictions of the region, the restrictions on the status of the status, the limitation of the age, the age limit, the gender restrictions, and so on.The establishment of a school should not have policy restrictions (can stipulate the minimum requirements of schools), private schools should have the status as equal to public schools, the right to accept state funding, and so on.It is particularly worth pointing out that modern universities should be open universities, and most of Chinese universities implement closed management.For example, there are restrictions on the entry of non -school students, and there are restrictions on teaching in non -school students.This closed measures make the university from being separated from the society. On the one hand, the negative role makes the university unable to play its due social impact and cannot afford the educational role of society; on the other handFortress.

We Chinese generally think that universities represent the advanced power of society. In fact, this is a misunderstanding.Judging from the history of the development of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign universities, universities once existed as the old fortress.For example, a medieval university in Europe.Therefore, advanced people and ideas have created advanced universities, rather than advanced universities created advanced people and thoughts.If the university has no open environment, it is difficult to give birth to advanced people and thoughts. At this time, the university will become the old fortress.

Education needs to be taught according to their aptitude.Teaching according to the aptitude is to take targeted education for different students’ talent, personality, and interest, etc., and take targeted education.Some people may say that teaching for teachers is too high to teach according to their aptitude, and it is difficult to implement it in detail. Therefore, teaching is not feasible for teaching.In fact, not.If it is taught for each student’s individual, the requirements are indeed very high.However, if you divide students into different categories, you can still do it.

Different education is required to teach according to the aptitude.When people were young, their bodies and intelligences have not yet matured. They have mainly perceptual abilities, not or rarely have rational ability.At this time, the focus of education is to guide children to experience the world themselves.Simply put, it is playing, games, outing, etc.This stage is about from kindergarten to junior high school.You only need to read and learn simply, so that they have specific preliminary knowledge accumulation and simple rational thinking ability.

Perhaps it is difficult for adults to understand playing, games, etc. is also a kind of learning.this is normal.Because for adults, it is difficult to play and games to bring us a useful experience.However, please pay attention to when an adult is exposed to a new thing, such as computers, mobile phones, etc.From the beginning of the game, at the beginning, we can also help us quickly get familiar with this new thing.For children, the world is unfamiliar. Playing, games, etc. are the best way they know the world.If when they were young, adults gave them too much book knowledge, as if they were laying a solid foundation for them, but in fact, they weakened their learning foundation, that is, they did not have enough emotionalness to the world.Experience.This will not only limit the children in narrow books, but also make them lose their curiosity and enthusiasm for life, which is not conducive to the growth of children.For example, when teachers ask questions, elementary school students often actively answer questions and grow up until they grow up. This kind of enthusiasm will become lower and lower until they exhale curiosity and enthusiasm. At this time, learning becomes a punishment.To put it simply, the basis of the growth of children with sufficient life experience is the world, and the basis of the growth of children who learn books prematurely is the virtual world built by books. The height of these two types of children’s future growth is different.of.

In high school, the children had a personal experience of the world through their previous education. They loved the world and had simple knowledge accumulation. They could guide them to read a certain amount of books and develop their rational thinking ability.At this stage, students should have basic cultural literacy and guide them to choose their own interests or hobbies.

During college, because students have basic cultural quality, physical strength and intelligence have matured, and they have begun to enter the golden age of people. They should guide them to read and learn a lot, improve their rational thinking ability, and develop their hobbies.At this stage, they should have high cultural literacy.That is to have a comprehensive knowledge system and the spirit of independence, and have a certain deep understanding of your interests or hobbies.

After college education, students are adults, and most people should leave school education.Even in school, it should be as a researcher or teacher to work and assume the responsibility of themselves and society.The school has changed the role for them, and the focus is no longer a place to learn, but the place where work.At this time, it entered a broad education model.

Teaching according to the aptitude also needs to give different education according to the gender of students.People are divided into men and women. Due to different physiological functions of men and women, different education needs to be given.Generally speaking, men are born with physical strength, and women are weak; women have the advantages of taking care of young children, men are worse, and so on.Therefore, a certain differentiated education should be given for different gender.This is not gender discrimination, but objective facts.

There are many contents of teaching without teaching and teaching according to their aptitude. I just discussed part of the content.In recent years, I have also seen some introduction to new education models introduced from abroad, which basically has not exceeded the category of these two educational methods.It can be seen that their correctness.

At this point, how to develop education has ended.The next one I will discuss the test and some problems in Chinese education.

Since education, the questions about the exam have to be said.Since the Sui and Tang dynasties, after the advent of the imperial examination system, examinations have an important position in Chinese society.A general point of view is that the test can make us choose the best talents.As a result, the traditional Chinese examination tradition continues.In fact, this view is wrong.From a historical point of view, how many people or heroes have passed the exam?Or, from the Sui and Tang dynasties, how many champions can become the real great man?Answer: There is almost no.Even in modern times, there are few real talents among those with excellent test scores.Therefore, the test cannot select the best talents for us.Does this mean that the exam is useless?no.The test is still a selection method, but it is not the best talent, but the selection of talents that meet the basic requirements.In other words, it eliminates people who do not meet the requirements.For example, a job needs to be recruited. At this time, the purpose of the exam is to find someone who can engage in this job and eliminate people who cannot engage in this job.As for whether this work can be done well, it is difficult to choose through the exam.Of course, this is not absolute.Some work with special circumstances can also pass the test to meet their own requirements.But under normal circumstances, the test really cannot achieve the purpose of selecting the best talents.Therefore, people should correctly understand the role of the exam so that they will not be more effective.

There are many problems in contemporary Chinese education: inequality in educational resources, conflict between examination education and quality education, conflict between public schools and private schools, issues of education industrialization, high education fees, campus bullying phenomena, and student employment problems.etc.These issues together have formed the phenomenon of “internal currency” of education spoken in recent years.Education “internal volume” reflects a common anxiety of people, and people generally believe that this is caused by the fierce competition of education.In fact, not.People are anxious because Chinese parents have invested a lot of time, energy, and money, but it is difficult to cultivate children into excellent talents.If you look at the world, this problem has transformed into a lot of time, energy, and money in Chinese parents, but it is difficult to cultivate talents required by the modern world.Popularly speaking, even if the children we cultivated went to Tsinghua University and Peking University, they still lagged behind college students in Western developed countries.This is the real problem of education “internal volume”.In this way, we can understand that the cause of this problem is actually because the efficiency of contemporary Chinese education is extremely low.The reason for school education is that this method of education has higher efficiency than individual family education.Specifically, it is manifested in high -quality teachers, advanced teaching content, correct teaching methods, rich teaching practices, and relatively low education costs.The various disadvantages of Chinese education have reduced its education efficiency to a pointing level.It can be said that the form of modern education is not essential.If this situation continues, the school will lose its existence value.

In order to improve the efficiency of education, people need to establish the correct educational concepts and completely reform education: select high -quality teachers, determine the correct educational content, adopt correct education methods, improve teachers’ salary, social status, etc.Only in this way can we truly establish a modern education system.